是否可以制作一张基于linux的livecd，用于iventoy或者ventoy直接运行，里面包含了必须得运维软件，尤其是像ipmitool、storcli这种，方便操作BMC以及RAID卡。
制作的主要过程是：
- 准备一个debian12的虚拟机
- 然后做一个chroot环境
- 安装必要的软件、服务
- 封装
制作过程
基础过程
sudo apt-get install -y \
debootstrap \
squashfs-tools \
xorriso \
isolinux \
syslinux-efi \
grub-pc-bin \
grub-efi-amd64-bin \
grub-efi-ia32-bin \
mtools \
dosfstools
mkdir -p "${HOME}/LIVE_BOOT"
sudo debootstrap \
--arch=amd64 \
--variant=minbase \
stable \
"${HOME}/LIVE_BOOT/chroot" \
http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/debian/
echo "JINGAN-DTS" | sudo tee "${HOME}/LIVE_BOOT/chroot/etc/hostname"
sudo chroot "${HOME}/LIVE_BOOT/chroot" << EOF
apt-get update && \
apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends \
linux-image-amd64 \
live-boot \
systemd-sysv
EOF
sudo chroot "${HOME}/LIVE_BOOT/chroot" << EOF
apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends \
iwd \
curl openssh-client \
openbox xserver-xorg-core xserver-xorg xinit xterm \
nano
EOF
sudo chroot "${HOME}/LIVE_BOOT/chroot" << EOF
apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends curl tree wget vi vim telnet openssh-client rsync iftop nload dstat sysstat lrzsz net-tools traceroute tcpdump wireshark dnsutils smem apt-file psmisc ipmitool
EOF
sudo chroot "${HOME}/LIVE_BOOT/chroot" << EOF
wget --no-check-certificate -O /tmp/trzsz_1.1.7_linux_x86_64.tar.gz http://vip.123pan.cn/1815238395/download/tssh/trzsz_1.1.7/trzsz_1.1.7_linux_x86_64.tar.gz
cd /tmp
tar xvf trzsz_1.1.7_linux_x86_64.tar.gz
mv -f trzsz_1.1.7_linux_x86_64/* /bin/
rm -rf trzsz*
cd /tmp/ ; wget https://d2.sddts.cn/d/download/usbos/Unified_storcli_all_os/Ubuntu/storcli_007.2807.0000.0000_all.deb
dpkg -i storcli_007.2807.0000.0000_all.deb
echo 'export PATH=/opt/MegaRAID/storcli/:$PATH' >> /etc/profile
EOF
sudo chroot "${HOME}/LIVE_BOOT/chroot" passwd root
mkdir -p "${HOME}/LIVE_BOOT"/{staging/{EFI/BOOT,boot/grub/x86_64-efi,isolinux,live},tmp}
sudo mksquashfs \
"${HOME}/LIVE_BOOT/chroot" \
"${HOME}/LIVE_BOOT/staging/live/filesystem.squashfs" \
-e boot
cp "${HOME}/LIVE_BOOT/chroot/boot"/vmlinuz-* \
"${HOME}/LIVE_BOOT/staging/live/vmlinuz" && \
cp "${HOME}/LIVE_BOOT/chroot/boot"/initrd.img-* \
"${HOME}/LIVE_BOOT/staging/live/initrd"
cat <<'EOF' > "${HOME}/LIVE_BOOT/staging/isolinux/isolinux.cfg"
UI vesamenu.c32
MENU TITLE Boot Menu
DEFAULT linux
TIMEOUT 600
MENU RESOLUTION 640 480
MENU COLOR border 30;44 #40ffffff #a0000000 std
MENU COLOR title 1;36;44 #9033ccff #a0000000 std
MENU COLOR sel 7;37;40 #e0ffffff #20ffffff all
MENU COLOR unsel 37;44 #50ffffff #a0000000 std
MENU COLOR help 37;40 #c0ffffff #a0000000 std
MENU COLOR timeout_msg 37;40 #80ffffff #00000000 std
MENU COLOR timeout 1;37;40 #c0ffffff #00000000 std
MENU COLOR msg07 37;40 #90ffffff #a0000000 std
MENU COLOR tabmsg 31;40 #30ffffff #00000000 std
LABEL linux
MENU LABEL Debian Live [BIOS/ISOLINUX]
MENU DEFAULT
KERNEL /live/vmlinuz
APPEND initrd=/live/initrd boot=live
LABEL linux
MENU LABEL Debian Live [BIOS/ISOLINUX] (nomodeset)
MENU DEFAULT
KERNEL /live/vmlinuz
APPEND initrd=/live/initrd boot=live nomodeset
EOF
cat <<'EOF' > "${HOME}/LIVE_BOOT/staging/boot/grub/grub.cfg"
insmod part_gpt
insmod part_msdos
insmod fat
insmod iso9660
insmod all_video
insmod font
set default="0"
set timeout=7
# If X has issues finding screens, experiment with/without nomodeset.
menuentry "JingAn Live CD (Default settings)" --id live-default {
search --set -f /live/vmlinuz
linux /live/vmlinuz boot=live union=overlay username=user config components quiet noswap net.ifnames=0 nosplash
initrd /live/initrd.img
}
menuentry "Debian Live [EFI/GRUB]" {
search --no-floppy --set=root --label DEBLIVE
linux ($root)/live/vmlinuz boot=live
initrd ($root)/live/initrd
}
menuentry "Debian Live [EFI/GRUB] (nomodeset)" {
search --no-floppy --set=root --label DEBLIVE
linux ($root)/live/vmlinuz boot=live nomodeset
initrd ($root)/live/initrd
}
EOF
cp "${HOME}/LIVE_BOOT/staging/boot/grub/grub.cfg" "${HOME}/LIVE_BOOT/staging/EFI/BOOT/"
cat <<'EOF' > "${HOME}/LIVE_BOOT/tmp/grub-embed.cfg"
if ! [ -d "$cmdpath" ]; then
# On some firmware, GRUB has a wrong cmdpath when booted from an optical disc.
# https://gitlab.archlinux.org/archlinux/archiso/-/issues/183
if regexp --set=1:isodevice '^(\([^)]+\))\/?[Ee][Ff][Ii]\/[Bb][Oo][Oo][Tt]\/?$' "$cmdpath"; then
cmdpath="${isodevice}/EFI/BOOT"
fi
fi
configfile "${cmdpath}/grub.cfg"
EOF
cp /usr/lib/ISOLINUX/isolinux.bin "${HOME}/LIVE_BOOT/staging/isolinux/" && \
cp /usr/lib/syslinux/modules/bios/* "${HOME}/LIVE_BOOT/staging/isolinux/"
cp -r /usr/lib/grub/x86_64-efi/* "${HOME}/LIVE_BOOT/staging/boot/grub/x86_64-efi/"
grub-mkstandalone -O i386-efi \
--modules="part_gpt part_msdos fat iso9660" \
--locales="" \
--themes="" \
--fonts="" \
--output="${HOME}/LIVE_BOOT/staging/EFI/BOOT/BOOTIA32.EFI" \
"boot/grub/grub.cfg=${HOME}/LIVE_BOOT/tmp/grub-embed.cfg"
grub-mkstandalone -O x86_64-efi \
--modules="part_gpt part_msdos fat iso9660" \
--locales="" \
--themes="" \
--fonts="" \
--output="${HOME}/LIVE_BOOT/staging/EFI/BOOT/BOOTx64.EFI" \
"boot/grub/grub.cfg=${HOME}/LIVE_BOOT/tmp/grub-embed.cfg"
(cd "${HOME}/LIVE_BOOT/staging" && \
dd if=/dev/zero of=efiboot.img bs=1M count=20 && \
mkfs.vfat efiboot.img && \
mmd -i efiboot.img ::/EFI ::/EFI/BOOT && \
mcopy -vi efiboot.img \
"${HOME}/LIVE_BOOT/staging/EFI/BOOT/BOOTIA32.EFI" \
"${HOME}/LIVE_BOOT/staging/EFI/BOOT/BOOTx64.EFI" \
"${HOME}/LIVE_BOOT/staging/boot/grub/grub.cfg" \
::/EFI/BOOT/
)
修改
chroot ${HOME}/LIVE_BOOT/chroot封装
rm -f ${HOME}/LIVE_BOOT/staging/live/filesystem.squashfs
sudo mksquashfs \
"${HOME}/LIVE_BOOT/chroot" \
"${HOME}/LIVE_BOOT/staging/live/filesystem.squashfs" \
-e boot
xorriso \
-as mkisofs \
-iso-level 3 \
-o "${HOME}/LIVE_BOOT/debian-custom.iso" \
-full-iso9660-filenames \
-volid "DEBLIVE" \
--mbr-force-bootable -partition_offset 16 \
-joliet -joliet-long -rational-rock \
-isohybrid-mbr /usr/lib/ISOLINUX/isohdpfx.bin \
-eltorito-boot \
isolinux/isolinux.bin \
-no-emul-boot \
-boot-load-size 4 \
-boot-info-table \
--eltorito-catalog isolinux/isolinux.cat \
-eltorito-alt-boot \
-e --interval:appended_partition_2:all:: \
-no-emul-boot \
-isohybrid-gpt-basdat \
-append_partition 2 C12A7328-F81F-11D2-BA4B-00A0C93EC93B ${HOME}/LIVE_BOOT/staging/efiboot.img \
"${HOME}/LIVE_BOOT/staging"
rm -f /tmp/debian-custom.iso ; mv ${HOME}/LIVE_BOOT/debian-custom.iso /tmp/
echo done!
参考
https://www.willhaley.com/blog/custom-debian-live-environment/